Childhood Psychology

Childhood is divided into two parts:

1-Nursery
2- Primary child



First: Psychology of a nursery child
Preschool child = foster child = early childhood 3-5 years

1- Physical growth
a- The child and his child start about 87.5 cm .
b- Its weight at 12 kg and ends around 18 kg .
C- Infection diseases appear when the child enters the nursery .



2- Physiological growth
a- The nervous system continues to grow, and at the end of this stage the brain weight reaches about 80% of its adult weight .
b- The number of hours of sleep ranges between 10 - 12 hours per day .



3- Kinetic growth
The stage is characterized by continuous motor activity
Summarizing the most important manifestation of motor growth as the following:-

a- 3 years
-Uses a pen
-Imitates a circle drawing
-Running fast


b- 4 years
-Imitates the drawing
-Activity dragging
-Pressing the buttons

c- 5 years
Imitates drawing a square and drawing a triangle
Begins to learn to write


4- Mental development
The child most frequently asked questions at this stage what, why, when, how, who.

Factors affecting mental development:-
a- public health.
b- The style of education.
c- Environmental condition and the social and the economic level.
d- The role of the mother.
e- The absence of a parent affect negatively.

5- Linguistic development
This stage is the fastest growing language in terms of achievement, expression and understanding.
Linguistics growth is affected by the following factors:-
a- Intelligence
b- The only child grows better linguistically.
c- The relationship between the child and his mother.
d- The media.



Second: psychology of a primary child
-  <<6-11 years>>
- Middle childhood:- 6-8 years.
- Late childhood:- 9-11 years.


1- Physical growth
Physical growth is characterized at this stage by the following things:-
- slow body growth.
- The fall of primary teeth and the appearance of permanent teeth.
- Males are taller than females.


2- Kinetic growth
- The muscle grow large and small the movement are refined and the motor movement is largely accomplished.
- Inaccurate hyperbolic disappearance.
- Acquire self-help skills (Bathing . getting dressed etc)



3- Mental development
- The ability to memorize increases with understanding.
- The growth of simple concept to complex .
- Curiosity grows very much .
- The concept of causal growth.
 Factors affecting mental development
- The physical condition of the child
- Mental state
- Social level
- The environment surrounding it .


4- Linguistic development
The child enter this stage and its vocabulary within 2500 words.